![]() There are several modalities to treat a retinal detachment, dependant on the type, location, and size of the detachment: It may be possible to treat the tear with laser, known as retinopexy, or with a freezing treatment, known as cyrotherapy, to tack down the surrounding retina and prevent a retinal detachment. If the examining ophthalmologist discovers a retinal break or tear, he or she may refer you to a vitreoretinal surgeon. It is important to seek immediate ophthalmic care if one experiences symptoms of a retinal detachment, namely floaters, flashes, or a curtain over one’s vision. Long-standing retinal detachments tend to have a poor visual prognosis. Patients with central, or macula-involving, retinal detachment can have decent but diminished vision if successfully repaired. Patients with peripheral retinal detachments can maintain excellent vision if the detachment is successfully repaired and it does not progress to involve the central retina. Retinal detachments can affect the peripheral and/or the central (i.e., macula) retina. Surgical techniques have evolved since then, allowing good vision for many people with retinal detachment. Retinal detachments were uniformly blinding until the first retinal detachment surgery was performed in the 1920’s. In Exudative Retinal Detachment, there is fluid under the retina in the absence of a retinal tear or a tethered band. The pulling of these bands can lead to a retinal tear, owing to a combined rhegmatogenous and Tractional Retinal Detachment. In Tractional Retinal Detachment, there are membranous bands tethered to the retina causing a detachment. ![]() This can be accompanied by a vitreoushemorrhage, or bleeding into the central jelly of the eye. In Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment, the ophthalmologist will see one or more breaks in the retina with underlying fluid. It can help assess the status of retina and determine if there is a low lying retinal detachment. OCT imaging is a non-invasive optical coherence tomogram examination of the retina an OCT uses low energy laser to scan the retina and determine whether there is fluid under the retina. This procedure is of little risk to the patient. ![]() Patients may undergo fundus photography to document the extent of retinal detachment. Patients with retinal detachment are largely diagnosed by clinical examination. When examining the retina, the ophthalmologist may depress the eye with a cotton tip applicator or other blunt instrument in order to view the entire retina. Pupillary dilation may create blurring, and therefore, it is often best if a driver accompanies the patient, although it is not absolutely required. Patients will receive vision testing, drops to dilate pupils, and a complete examination of the front and back of the eye. ExaminationĬomplete and comprehensive ophthalmic examination is important in the assessment of retinal detachment. Patients with Exudative Retinal Detachment have an area or darkness in their vision, which may shift with head position. Patients with Tractional Retinal Detachment may have flashing lights or a shadow over their vision, or they may have no symptoms. Patients with Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment are often presented with a shower of floaters (black dots or cobwebs in their vision), flashing lights, and a shadow, curtain, or cloud progressing from their peripheral vision. Causes include high blood pressure, vasculitis (inflammation of blood vessels), and tumors in the eye. These membranous bands can be caused by diabetes mellitus, sickle cell disease, retinopathy of prematurity, or inflammatory conditions.Įxudative Retinal Detachment is caused by fluid, or exudate, leaking from blood vessels underneath the retina. Tractional Retinal Detachment is caused by the pulling of membranes tethered to the retina. Nearsightedness is a risk factor for retinal tear and subsequent detachment. Causes include trauma, separation of the vitreous from the retina, or prior intraocular surgery (e.g., cataract surgery). Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment is the most common type of retinal detachment. Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment is caused by a break, tear or hole in the retina, allowing fluid from the center of the eye, or the vitreous cavity, to seep behind the retina and detach it. There are three mechanisms of retinal detachment: This can lead to loss of peripheral and possibly central vision, depending on the extent of the retinal detachment. Retinal detachment is a separation of the retina from the underlying layer. ![]()
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