It was Henry Fauld in 1880 who first experimentally proposed the singularity and uniqueness of fingerprint. Current fingerprint matching methods were started in the sixteenth century. An individual is their own key behind this catchy principle biometrics have become an attractive alternative to traditional identification methods such as tokens or passwords (Fernandes et al. Now a days every organization or even may Government institutes in India, use fingerprint verification to identify everyone uniquely and it also have been used as a biometric modality for gender and age identification. Fingerprint patterns have been normally used for identification of an individual. Harold Cummins in 1926 but it is already in use before several hundred years ago. The study of fingerprint patterns was introduced by Dr. However, the Machine and Deep Learning techniques, if used for fingerprint minutiae patterns to be trained by Neural Network for blood group prediction and classification of common clinical diseases arises with aging based on lifestyle would be an unusual research work. Apart from its use in predicting the diagnosis of disease dermatoglyphics is also used in forensic medicine in individual identification, physical anthropology, human genetics and medicine. Dermatoglyphics as a diagnostic aid used from ancient eras and now it is well established in number of diseases which have strong hereditary basis and is employed as a method for screening for abnormal anomalies. The work has been driven by studies of anthropometry, biometric trademark, and pattern recognition proposing that it is possible to predict blood group using fingerprint map reading. Due to the immense potential of fingerprints as an effective method of identification, the present research paper tries to investigate the problem of blood group identification and analysis of diseases those arises with aging like hypertension, type 2-diabetes and arthritis from a fingerprint by analyzing their patterns correlation with blood group and age of an individual. Loop, whorl, arch, and composites, nevertheless, there are more than 100 interleaved ridge and valleys physiognomies, called Galton’s details, in a single rolled fingerprint. Fingerprints can be divided into basic four categories i.e. Fingerprint designs are exclusive in each human and the chance of two individuals having identical fingerprints is an exceptional case about one in sixty-four thousand million also the fingerprint minutiae patterns of the undistinguishable twins are different, and the ridge pattern of each fingertip remain unchanged from birth to till death. In the court of law, fingerprint-proof is undeniably the most dependable and acceptable evidence to date. In view of this, this research recommended inter alia, for proper training of law enforcement agencies in terms of how crimes and crime scenes are handled and also the establishment of sophisticated forensic labs where evidence and accused persons can be taken to in order to determine guilt or innocence in order to ease the establishment of evidence before law enforcement agencies in Nigeria.In the current era of the digital world, the hash of any digital means considered as a footprint or fingerprint of any digital term but from the ancient era, human fingerprint considered as the most trustworthy criteria for identification and it also cannot be changed with time even up to the death of an individual. In the course of this research, it was found that establishing certain types of evidence such as fingerprint impressions and DNA, against accused persons was seriously hindered due to the absence of forensic labs and this hinder the conviction of such persons. The sources of information relied upon here are relevant books, articles in journal publications, internet materials, statutes and judicial authorities. The justification for this research arose out of the alarming rate crimes are constantly committed and the apparent difficulty faced by agencies of the criminal justice system while trying to curb the occurrence of such crimes. Such components include, Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA) analysis, Fingerprint analysis, Polygraph test, Ballistics, Forensic anthropology, Forensic pathology and Computer forensics. This research aimed at assessing the application and impact of forensic science in the Nigerian criminal justice system by making reference to certain components of forensics that are relevant to the criminal justice system.
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